====== Phytosanitary-Regulated Xanthomonas in the European Union ======

This data is based on the review by [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040862|Catara (2021]]), focused on the molecular methods for diagnosis, detection, and studies on the diversity of plant pathogenic //Xanthomonas//, concentrating especially on regulated pathogens in the European Union published as a collective effort of the [[https://euroxanth.eu/management/wg1|Working Group 1]] 'Diagnostics & Diversity–Population Structure' from the [[https://euroxanth.eu|EuroXanth]] COST Action CA16107.

**Diseases, their regulation and recommendations for management.**

^  Disease  ^  Pathogen  ^  EPPO List  ^  EPPO Diagnostic \\ Protocol  ^  Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072  ^  EFSA \\ Documents  |
|Citrus bacterial canker |//X. citri// pv. aurantifolii; //X. citri// pv. citri  |  A1  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00835.x|EPPO (2015)]] |  A1 Quarantine pest (Annex II A)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3556|EFSA (2014a)]] [[https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2019.EN-1587|EFSA (2019)]] |
|Onion bacterial blight |//X. euvesicatoria// pv. alli  |  A1  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12329|EPPO (2016)]] |  |  |
|Bacterial leaf blight of rice |//X. oryzae// pv. oryzae  |  A1  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2007.01162.x|EPPO (2007)]] |  A1 Quarantine pest (Annex II A)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5109|EFSA (2018)]] |
|Bacterial leaf streak of rice |//X. oryzae// pv. oryzicola  |  A1  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2007.01162.x|EPPO (2007)]] |  A1 Quarantine pest (Annex II A)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5109|EFSA (2018)]] |
|Bacterial blight of hazelnut |//X. arboricola// pv. corylina  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2004.00716.x|EPPO (2004)]] |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|Bacterial spot of stone fruits |//X. arboricola// pv. pruni  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00925.x|EPPO (2006a)]] |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3857|EFSA (2014b)]] |
|Bacterial blight of walnut |//X. arboricola// pv. juglandis  |  NA  |  NA  |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|Bacterial leaf spot of poinsettia |//X. axonopodis// pv. poinsettiicola  |  A2  |  NA  |  |  |
|Bacterial spot of tomato and sweet pepper |//X. euvesicatoria// pv. euvesicatoria  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12018|EPPO (2013)]]* |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3720|EFSA (2014c)]] |
|::: | //X. euvesicatoria// pv. perforans  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12018|EPPO (2013)]]* |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|::: | //X. hortorum// pv. gardneri  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12018|EPPO (2013)]]* |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|::: | //X. vesicatoria//   |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12018|EPPO (2013)]]* |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|Bacterial angular leaf spot of strawberry |//X. fragariae//   |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00926.x|EPPO (2006b)]]* |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |
|Bacterial blight of anthurium and other aroids |//X. phaseoli// pv. dieffenbachiae  |  A2  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2009.02327.x|EPPO (2009)]]* |  |  |
|Common bacterial blight of bean |//X//. //phaseoli// pv. phaseoli  |  A2  |  NA  |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |[[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3856|EFSA (2014d)]] |
|Bacterial leaf streak and black chaff of small-grain cereals |//X//. //translucens// pv. translucens  |  A2  |  NA  |  |  |
|Leafspot and dieback of ornamental fig |//X//. //campestris// pv. fici  |  |  NA  |  RNQP (Annex IV)  |  |

NA: not applicable; * protocol under revision or revision planned. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), International Seed Federation (ISF), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and National Seed Health System (NSHS). Other sources of reviewed detection methods include scientific publications of EFSA (‘Scientific Opinions’, ‘Pest Survey Cards’, etc) and other peer-reviewed scientific journals.


===== References =====

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2014a). Scientific Opinion on the risk to plant health of //Xanthomonas citri// pv. //citri// and //Xanthomonas citri// pv. //aurantifolii// for the EU territory. EFSA J. 12: 3556. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3556|10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3556]]

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2014b). Scientific Opinion on pest categorisation of //Xanthomonas arboricola// pv. //pruni// (Smith, 1903). EFSA J. 12: 3857. DOI: [[http://https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3857|10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3857]]

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2014c). Scientific Opinion on the pest categorisation of //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// (Doidge) Dye. EFSA J. 12: 3720. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3720|10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3720]]

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2014d). Scientific Opinion on the pest categorisation of //Xanthomonas axonopodis// pv. //phaseoli// and //Xanthomonas fuscans// subsp. //fuscans//. EFSA J. 12: 3856. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3856|10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3856]]

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2018). Pest categorisation of //Xanthomonas oryzae// pathovars oryzae and //oryzicola//. EFSA J. 16: 5109. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5109|10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5109]]

EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2019). Pest survey card on //Xanthomonas citri// pv. //citri// and pv. // aurantifolii//. EFSA Support. Publ. 16: 1587. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2019.EN-1587|10.2903/sp.efsa.2019.EN-1587]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2004). //Xanthomonas arboricola// pv. //corylina//. EPPO Bull. 34: 179-181. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2004.00716.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2004.00716.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2005). //Xanthomonas axonopodis// pv. //citri//. EPPO Bull. 35: 289-294. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00835.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00835.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2006a). //Xanthomonas arboricola// pv. //pruni//. EPPO Bull. 36: 129-133. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00925.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00925.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2006b). //Xanthomonas fragariae//. EPPO Bull. 36: 135-144. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00926.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2006.00926.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2007). //Xanthomonas oryzae//. EPPO Bull. 37: 543-553. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2007.01162.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2007.01162.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2009). //Xanthomonas axonopodis// pv. //dieffenbachiae//. EPPO Bull. 39: 393-402. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2009.02327.x|10.1111/j.1365-2338.2009.02327.x]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2013). //Xanthomonas// spp. (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria//, //Xanthomonas gardneri//, //Xanthomonas perforans//, //Xanthomonas vesicatoria//) causing bacterial spot of tomato and sweet pepper. EPPO Bull. 43: 7-20. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12018|10.1111/epp.12018]]

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) (2016). //Xanthomonas axonopodis// pv. //allii//. EPPO Bull. 46: 429-443. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12329|10.1111/epp.12329]]

===== Further reading =====

Catara V, Cubero J, Pothier JF, Bosis E, Bragard C, Đermić E, Holeva MC, Jacques MA, Petter F, Pruvost O, Robène I, Studholme DJ, Tavares F, Vicente JG, Koebnik R, Costa J (2021). Trends in molecular diagnosis and diversity studies for phytosanitary regulated //Xanthomonas//. Microorganisms 9: 862. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040862|10.3390/microorganisms9040862]]