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bacteria:t3e:xopr [2020/05/14 10:58] 127.0.0.1 external edit |
bacteria:t3e:xopr [2020/07/09 12:00] rkoebnik [XopR] |
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====== XopR ====== | ====== XopR ====== | ||
- | Author: Fernando Tavares\\ | + | Author: |
- | Reviewer: | + | Reviewer: |
Expert reviewer: FIXME | Expert reviewer: FIXME | ||
Class: XopR\\ | Class: XopR\\ | ||
Family: XopR\\ | Family: XopR\\ | ||
- | Prototype: | + | Prototype: |
- | RefSeq ID: XopR [[https:// | + | RefSeq ID: XopR [[https:// |
3D structure: Unknown | 3D structure: Unknown | ||
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
=== How discovered? === | === How discovered? === | ||
+ | |||
//xopR// was firstly identified as a putative T3E ORF (XOO4134) shown to be under regulation of HrpX preceded by both a PIP box and a -10 box-like motif (Furutani //et al//., 2006). Later, translocation of XOO4134:: | //xopR// was firstly identified as a putative T3E ORF (XOO4134) shown to be under regulation of HrpX preceded by both a PIP box and a -10 box-like motif (Furutani //et al//., 2006). Later, translocation of XOO4134:: | ||
- | |||
=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
- | Evidence for T3SS-dependent secretion and translocation of XopR into plant cells was mainly based on calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase (Cya) reporter assays of fusion proteins (Furutani //et al//., 2009). | ||
+ | Evidence for T3SS-dependent secretion and translocation of XopR into plant cells was mainly based on calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase (Cya) reporter assays of fusion proteins (Furutani //et al//., 2009). | ||
=== Regulation === | === Regulation === | ||
+ | |||
Functional studies using // | Functional studies using // | ||
+ | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//) were significantly reduced in the // | ||
=== Phenotypes === | === Phenotypes === | ||
- | In the last few years a comprehensive body of experimental evidence has been gathered supporting a multiple action of XopR in hampering host plant defenses, namely by fostering bacterial growth //in planta//, and suppressing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) triggered host plant immunity (PTI) (Akimoto-Tomiyama //et al//., 2012; Wang //et al//., 2016; Medina //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). In fact, early studies suggested that XopR suppress PAMP-triggered stomatal closure in transgenic // | ||
+ | In the last few years a comprehensive body of experimental evidence has been gathered supporting a multiple action of XopR in hampering host plant defenses, namely by fostering bacterial growth //in planta//, and suppressing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) triggered host plant immunity (PTI) (Akimoto-Tomiyama //et al//., 2012; Wang //et al//., 2016; Medina //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). In fact, early studies suggested that XopR suppress PAMP-triggered stomatal closure in transgenic // | ||
=== Localization === | === Localization === | ||
- | Confocal microscopy studies of XopR::EYFP (enhanced yellow fluorescent protein) fusion protein transiently expressed in //Nicotiana benthaminiana//, | ||
+ | Confocal microscopy studies of XopR::EYFP (enhanced yellow fluorescent protein) fusion protein transiently expressed in //Nicotiana benthaminiana//, | ||
=== Enzymatic function === | === Enzymatic function === | ||
+ | |||
Unknown. | Unknown. | ||
=== Interaction partners === | === Interaction partners === | ||
- | Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicate that XopR associates with various receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs), including BIK1 known to be involved in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) to triggered stomatal closure (Wang //et al//., 2016). //In vitro// kinase assays indicate that XopR is phosphorylate by BIK1 likely affecting BIK1 targets, and possibly impairing PAMP-triggered stomatal immunity (Wang //et al//., 2016). | ||
+ | Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicate that XopR associates with various receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs), including BIK1 known to be involved in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) to triggered stomatal closure (Wang //et al//., 2016). //In vitro// kinase assays indicate that XopR is phosphorylated by BIK1 likely affecting BIK1 targets, and possibly impairing PAMP-triggered stomatal immunity (Wang //et al//., 2016). | ||
===== Conservation ===== | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
=== In xanthomonads === | === In xanthomonads === | ||
- | Yes (e.g. //X. arboricola, X. axonopodis//, | ||
+ | Yes (e.g. //X. arboricola, X. axonopodis//, | ||
=== In other plant pathogens/ | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
+ | |||
Unknown. | Unknown. | ||
===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
- | Akimoto-Tomiyama C //et al//. (2012). XopR, a Type III Effector Secreted | + | Akimoto-Tomiyama C, Furutani A, Tsuge S, Washington EJ, Nishizawa Y, Minami E, Ochiai H (2012). XopR, a type III effector secreted |
+ | |||
+ | Furutani A, Nakayama T, Ochiai H, Kaku H, Kubo Y, Tsuge S (2006). Identification of novel HrpXo regulons preceded by two // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Furutani A, Takaoka M, Sanada H, Noguchi Y, Oku T, Tsuno K, Ochiai H, Tsuge S (2009). Identification of novel type III secretion effectors in // | ||
- | Furutani A //et al//. (2006). Identification of novel HrpXo regulons preceded by two cis-acting elements, a plant-inducible promoter box and a −10 box-like sequence, from the genome database | + | Kametani-Ikawa Y, Tsuge S, Furutani A, Ochiai H (2011). An H-NS-like protein involved in the negative regulation |
- | Furutani A //et al//. (2009). Identification of Novel Type III Secretion Effectors in // | + | Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). // |
- | Kametani-Ikawa Y //et al//. (2011). An H-NS-like protein involved in the negative regulation | + | Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from // |
- | Medina CA //et al//. (2018). The role of type III effectors from // | + | Verma G, Sharma M, Mondal KK (2018). XopR TTSS-effector regulates |
- | Verma G, Sharma M, Mondal KK (2018). XopR TTSS-effector | + | Verma G, Mondal KK, Kulshreshtha A, Sharma M (2019). XopR T3SS-effector of // |
- | Verma G //et al//. (2019). XopR T3SS-effector of // | + | Wang S, Sun J, Fan F, Tan Z, Zou Y, Lu D (2016). A // |
- | Wang S //et al//. (2016). A // | + | White FF, Potnis N, Jones JB, Koebnik R (2009). The type III effectors of // |
- | White FF //et al//. (2009). The type III effectors | + | Zhao S, Mo WL, Wu F, Tang W, Tang JL, Szurek B, Verdier V, Koebnik R, Feng JX (2013). Identification of non-TAL |