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--- bacteria:t3e:xopr [2020/06/30 18:07]
rkoebnik [References]
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopr [2020/07/09 12:11] (current)
rkoebnik [XopR]
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== XopR ======
-Author: Fernando Tavares\\
+Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fernando_Tavares|Fernando Tavares]]\\
-Reviewer: Amandine Cunty\\
+Reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Amandine_Cunty|Amandine Cunty]]\\
 Expert reviewer: FIXME
 Class: XopR\\
 Family: XopR\\
-Prototype: XopR (//Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzicola// strain BLS256)\\
+Prototype: XOO4134 (//Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae//; strain MAFF 311018)\\
-RefSeq ID: XopR [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_014505297.1|WP_014505297.1]] (437 aa) 3D structure: Unknown
+RefSeq ID: XopR [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_014505297.1|WP_014505297.1]] (437 aa)\\
+D structure: Unknown
 ===== Biological function =====
@@ Line 21: / Line 22: @@
 Functional studies using //hrp//-inducing and non-//hrp//-inducing media and reverse-transcriptase PCR in wild type and Xoo ∆//hrpX// mutants showed that the expression of //xopR// is //hrpX// dependent (Verma //et al//., 2019). These results are indirectly supported by previous findings showing that //X. oryza// pv. //oryza// (Xoo) deficient mutants for //xrvB//, a gene coding for a repressor of //hrp// gene expression, leads to an increase of XopR into plant cells (Kametani-Ikawa //et al//., 2011).
+qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//) were significantly reduced in the //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae// Δ//xrvC// mutant compared with those in the wild-type strain PXO99<sup>A</sup>  , but this did not apply to //xopR// (Liu //et al.//, 2016).
 === Phenotypes ===
-In the last few years a comprehensive body of experimental evidence has been gathered supporting a multiple action of XopR in hampering host plant defenses, namely by fostering bacterial growth //in planta//, and suppressing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) triggered host plant immunity (PTI) (Akimoto-Tomiyama //et al//., 2012; Wang //et al//., 2016; Medina //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). In fact, early studies suggested that XopR suppress PAMP-triggered stomatal closure in transgenic //Arabidopsis// expressing XopR (Wang //et al//., 2016). More recently, when compared with a Xoo wild type strain, //xopR// deficient mutants (Xoo ∆x//opR//) infiltrated in rice leaves led to an increase of callose deposits, and a significant higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub>) and superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup> ), known as the main components of the plant oxidative burst (reference FIXME). Furthermore, reverse transcriptase expression analyses of eight rice genes linked to plant disease resistance (//BRI1//, //GST1//, //PR2//, //PR5//, //RAC1//, //SERK1//, //WRKY29// and //WRKY71//) were shown to be up-regulated in rice leaves inoculated with Xoo ∆x//opR// (Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). To further support these findings, complementation of Xoo ∆x//opR// with //xopR// was able to restore the disease phenotype of the wild type Xoo strain (Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019).
+In the last few years a comprehensive body of experimental evidence has been gathered supporting a multiple action of XopR in hampering host plant defenses, namely by fostering bacterial growth //in planta//, and suppressing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) triggered host plant immunity (PTI) (Akimoto-Tomiyama //et al//., 2012; Wang //et al//., 2016; Medina //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). In fact, early studies suggested that XopR suppress PAMP-triggered stomatal closure in transgenic //Arabidopsis// expressing XopR (Wang //et al//., 2016). More recently, when compared with a Xoo wild type strain, //xopR// deficient mutants (Xoo ∆x//opR//) infiltrated in rice leaves led to an increase of callose deposits, and a significant higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub>) and superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup>  ), known as the main components of the plant oxidative burst (reference FIXME ). Furthermore, reverse transcriptase expression analyses of eight rice genes linked to plant disease resistance (//BRI1//, //GST1//, //PR2//, //PR5//, //RAC1//, //SERK1//, //WRKY29// and //WRKY71//) were shown to be up-regulated in rice leaves inoculated with Xoo ∆x//opR// (Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019). To further support these findings, complementation of Xoo ∆x//opR// with //xopR// was able to restore the disease phenotype of the wild type Xoo strain (Verma //et al//., 2018; Verma //et al//., 2019).
 === Localization ===
@@ Line 52: / Line 55: @@
 Kametani-Ikawa Y, Tsuge S, Furutani A, Ochiai H (2011). An H-NS-like protein involved in the negative regulation of //hrp// genes in //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae//. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 319: 58-64. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02266.x|10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02266.x]]
+Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae// requires H-NS-family protein XrvC to regulate virulence during rice infection. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 363: fnw067. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnw067|10.1093/femsle/fnw067]]
 Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from //Xanthomonas axonopodis// pv. //manihotis// in virulence and suppression of plant immunity. Mol. Plant Pathol. 19: 593-606. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12545|10.1111/mpp.12545]]
@@ Line 62: / Line 67: @@
 White FF, Potnis N, Jones JB, Koebnik R (2009). The type III effectors of //Xanthomonas//. Mol. Plant Pathol. 10: 749-766. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2009.00590.x|10.1111/j.1364-3703.2009.00590.x]]
+Zhao S, Mo WL, Wu F, Tang W, Tang JL, Szurek B, Verdier V, Koebnik R, Feng JX (2013). Identification of non-TAL effectors in //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae// Chinese strain 13751 and analysis of their role in the bacterial virulence. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29: 733-744. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1229-5|10.1007/s11274-012-1229-5]] FIXME Information needs to be added to the profile.

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