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bacteria:t3e:xopq [2020/07/17 10:25] rkoebnik [Biological function] |
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- | ====== XopQ ====== | ||
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- | Author: Valérie Olivier & Tamara Popović\\ | ||
- | Internal reviewer: [[https:// | ||
- | Expert reviewer: FIXME | ||
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- | Class: XopQ\\ | ||
- | Family: XopQ\\ | ||
- | Prototype: XCV4438 (// | ||
- | RefSeq ID: [[https:// | ||
- | 3D structure: [[https:// | ||
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- | ===== Biological function ===== | ||
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- | === How discovered? === | ||
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- | XopQ was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn// | ||
- | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
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- | Type III-dependent secretion was confirmed using a calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase reporter assay, with a Δ//hrpF// mutant strain serving as negative control (Roden //et al//., 2004). Using an AvrBs1 reporter fusion, XopQ< | ||
- | === Regulation === | ||
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- | The //xopQ// < | ||
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- | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//) were significantly reduced in the // | ||
- | === Phenotypes === | ||
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- | * Roden //et al//. did not find significant growth defects of a // | ||
- | * XopQ< | ||
- | * In //X. oryzae// | ||
- | * XopQ< | ||
- | * Consistent with a role in ETI, TFT4 mRNA abundance increased during the incompatible interaction of tomato and pepper with // | ||
- | * Mutations of two potential active site residues, D116 and Y279, resulted in // | ||
- | * Compatibility studies with //X. euvesicatoria// | ||
- | * The avirulence activity of XopQ derivatives did not correlate with macroscopically visible plant reactions upon transient expression in //N. benthamiana// | ||
- | * Transient co-expression of XopQ::GFP and XopS::GFP in //N. benthamiana// | ||
- | * XopQ suppressed cell death reactions in //N. benthamiana// | ||
- | * XopQ-mediated cell death suppression in //N. benthamiana// | ||
- | * A Δ// | ||
- | * A reverse genetics screen identified Recognition of XopQ 1 (Roq1), a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein with a Toll-like interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, which mediates XopQ recognition in //N. benthamiana// | ||
- | * Roq1 is able to recognize XopQ alleles from various // | ||
- | * The coiled-coil NLR protein N requirement gene 1 (NRG) interacts with EDS1 and acts downstream of Roq1 and EDS1 to mediate XopQ/ | ||
- | * Roq1 is also involved in the recognition of RipB, the homolog of XopQ in //Ralstonia solanacearum//: | ||
- | * Effectors that interact with 14–3–3 proteins may provide plant-pathogenic bacteria with the ability to modulate PTI as well as ETI. Suppression of immune responses induced by a // | ||
- | * Roq1 was found to confer immunity to // | ||
- | * Strong resistance to // | ||
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- | === Localization === | ||
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- | Cytoplasma and nucleus (Deb //et al//., 2019). | ||
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- | === Enzymatic function === | ||
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- | XopQ is structurally homologous to an inosine-uridine nucleoside N-ribohydrolase from a protazoan parasite, as shown be [[https:// | ||
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- | Despite such similarities, | ||
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- | In 2014, Yu //et al//. reported the crystal structure of XopQ< | ||
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- | === Interaction partners === | ||
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- | Using protein-protein interaction studies in yeast and in planta, XopQ< | ||
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- | Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays upon transient expression in //N. benthamiana// | ||
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- | Roq1, a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein with a Toll-like interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, was found to co-immunoprecipitate with XopQ, suggesting a physical association between the two proteins (Schultink //et al.//, 2017). | ||
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- | XopQ< | ||
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- | Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-IP assays indicated that XopQ and XopX interact with each other (Deb et al., 2020). | ||
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- | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
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- | === In xanthomonads === | ||
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- | XopQ is a widely conserved across // | ||
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- | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
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- | XopQ shares homology with the //Ralstonia solanacearum// | ||
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- | ===== References ===== | ||
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- | Adlung N (2016). Charakterisierung der Avirulenzaktivität von XopQ und Identifizierung möglicher Interaktoren von XopL aus // | ||
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- | Adlung N, Bonas U (2017). Dissecting virulence function from recognition: | ||
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- | Adlung N, Prochaska H, Thieme S, Banik A, Blüher D, John P, Nagel O, Schulze S, Gantner J, Delker C, Stuttmann J, Bonas U (2016). Non-host resistance induced by the // | ||
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- | Büttner D, Bonas U (2010). Regulation and secretion of // | ||
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- | Deb S, Ghosh P, Patel HK, Sonti RV (2020). Interaction of the // | ||
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- | Deb S, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Sonti RV (2019). // | ||
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- | Dubrow Z, Sunitha S, Kim JG, Aakre CD, Girija AM, Sobol G, Teper D, Chen YC, Ozbaki-Yagan N, Vance H, Sessa G, Mudgett MB (2018). Tomato 14-3-3 proteins are required for //Xv3// disease resistance and interact with a subset of // | ||
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- | Furutani A,Takaoka M, Sanada H, Noguchi Y, Oku T, Tsuno K, Ochiai H, Tsuge S (2009). Identification of novel type III secretion effectors in // | ||
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- | Gupta MK, Nathawat R, Sinha D, Haque AS, Sankaranarayanan R, Sonti RV (2015). Mutations in the predicted active site of // | ||
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- | Hajri A, Brin C, Hunault G, Lardeux F, Lemaire C, Manceau C, Boureau T, Poussier S (2009). A " | ||
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- | Jiang W, Jiang B, Xu R, Huang J, Wei H, Jiang GF, Cen WJ, Liu J, Ge YY, Li GH, Su LL, Hang XH, Tang DJ, Lu GT, Feng JX, He YQ, Tang JL (2009). Identification of six type III effector genes with the PIP box in // | ||
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- | Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). // | ||
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- | Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from // | ||
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- | Nakano M, Mukaihara T (2019). The type III effector RipB from //Ralstonia solanacearum// | ||
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- | Qi T, Seong K, Thomazella DPT, Kim JR, Pham J, Seo E, Cho MJ, Schultink A, Staskawicz BJ (2018). NRG1 functions downstream of EDS1 to regulate TIR-NLR-mediated plant immunity in //Nicotiana benthamiana// | ||
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- | Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during // | ||
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- | Schultink A, Qi T, Lee A, Steinbrenner AD, Staskawicz B (2017). Roq1 mediates recognition of the // | ||
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- | Schwartz AR, Potnis N, Timilsina S, Wilson M, Patané J, Martins J Jr, Minsavage GV, Dahlbeck D, Akhunova A, Almeida N, Vallad GE, Barak JD, White FF, Miller SA, Ritchie D, Goss E, Bart RS, Setubal JC, Jones JB, Staskawicz BJ (2015). Phylogenomics of // | ||
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- | Sinha D, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Ranjan A, Sonti RV (2013). Cell wall degrading enzyme induced rice innate immune responses are suppressed by the type 3 secretion system effectors XopN, XopQ, XopX and XopZ of // | ||
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- | Teper D, SalomonD, Sunitha S, Kim JG, Mudgett MB, Sessa G. (2014). // | ||
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- | Thomas NC, Hendrich CG, Gill US, Allen C, Hutton SF, Schultink A (2020). The immune receptor Roq1 confers resistance to the bacterial pathogens // | ||
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- | Yu S, Hwang I, Rhee S (2013). Crystal structure of the effector protein XOO4466 from // | ||
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- | Yu S, Hwang I, Rhee S (2014). The crystal structure of type III effector protein XopQ from // | ||