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--- bacteria:t3e:xopp [2020/07/08 18:32]
rkoebnik
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopp [2022/06/23 09:55] (current)
rkoebnik [Biological function]
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 Class: XopP\\
 Family: XopP\\
-Prototype: XopP (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// aka //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vescicatoria//; strain 85-10)\\
+Prototype: XopP (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria//, ex //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//; strain 85-10)\\
 RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/AY756270.1|AY756270.1]] (685 aa)\\
 D structure: Unknown
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 === How discovered? ===
-XopP was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn//5//-based transposon construct harboring the coding sequence for the HR-inducing domain of AvrBs2, but devoid of the effectors' T3SS signal, that was randomly inserted into the genome of //X. campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// (//Xcv//)// //// //strain 85-10. The XopP::AvrBs2 fusion protein triggered a //Bs2//-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) in pepper leaves (Roden //et al//., 2004). XopP was also identified in //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// (//Xcc//) strain 8004 as a candidate T3E due to the presence of a plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box in its gene, XC_2994 (Jiang //et al.//, 2009).
+XopP was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn//5//-based transposon construct harboring the coding sequence for the HR-inducing domain of AvrBs2, but devoid of the effectors' T3SS signal, that was randomly inserted into the genome of //X. campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// (//Xcv//) strain 85-10. The XopP::AvrBs2 fusion protein triggered a //Bs2//-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) in pepper leaves (Roden //et al//., 2004). XopP was also identified in //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// (//Xcc//) strain 8004 as a candidate T3E due to the presence of a plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box in its gene, XC_2994 (Jiang //et al.//, 2009).
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 === Phenotypes ===
-Roden //et al.// did not find significant growth defects of a //Xcv// Δ//xopP// mutant in susceptible pepper and tomato leaves (Roden et al., 2004).
+  * Roden //et al.//  did not find significant growth defects of a //Xcv//  Δ//xopP//  mutant in susceptible pepper and tomato leaves (Roden et al., 2004).
+  * XopQ<sub>Xcc8004</sub>  is required for full virulence and growth of //X. campestris//  pv. //campestris//  in the host plant Chinese radish (Jiang //et al.//, 2009).
+  * XopP<sub>Xoo</sub>  is able to suppress rice pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-immunity and resistance to //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//. Although XopP<sub>Xoo</sub>  is classified within the XopP, it shows only 40% sequence identity with the XopP homologue of //X. campestris//  pv. //campestris//  (Furutani //et al//., 2009). Therefore, it remains unclear if such interaction is similar in different pathosystems where XopP has been found.
+  * //Agrobacterium//-mediated transient expression of both XopQ and XopX in rice cells resulted in induction of rice immune responses, which were not observed when either protein was individually expressed. A screen for //Xanthomonas//  effectors which can suppress XopQ-XopX induced rice immune responses, led to the identification of five effectors, namely XopU, XopV, XopP, XopG and AvrBs2, that could individually suppress these immune responses. These results suggest a complex interplay of //Xanthomonas//  T3SS effectors in suppression of both pathogen-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity to promote virulence on rice (Deb //et al.//, 2020).
+  * XopP inhibits the function of the host-plant exocyst complex by direct targeting of Exo70B, a subunit of the exocyst complex, which plays a significant role in plant immunity. XopP interferes with exocyst-dependent exocytosis, and can do this without activating a plant NLR (NOD-like receptor) that guards Exo70B in Arabidopsis. In this way, //Xanthomonas//  efficiently inhibits the host's pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) by blocking exocytosis of pathogenesis-related protein-1A (PR1a), callose deposition and localization of the FLS2 immune receptor to the plasma membrane, thus promoting successful infection (Michalopoulou //et al.//, 2022).
-XopQ<sub>Xcc8004</sub> is required for full virulence and growth of //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// in the host plant Chinese radish (Jiang //et al.//, 2009).
-XopP<sub>Xoo</sub> is able to suppress rice pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-immunity and resistance to //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae//. Although XopP<sub>Xoo</sub> is classified within the XopP, it shows only 40% sequence identity with the XopP homologue of //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// (Furutani //et al//., 2009). Therefore, it remains unclear if such interaction is similar in different pathosystems where XopP has been found.
 === Localization ===
-XopP<sub>Xoo</sub> co-localizes with OsPUB44 in the cytoplasm (Ishikawa //et al//., 2014).
+XopP<sub>Xoo</sub>  co-localizes with OsPUB44 in the cytoplasm (Ishikawa //et al//., 2014).
 === Enzymatic function ===
@@ Line 40: / Line 42: @@
 === Interaction partners ===
-XopP<sub>Xoo</sub> interacts with the U-box domain of a rice ubiquitin E3 ligase, OsPUB44 and inhibits its activity (Ishikawa //et al//., 2014).
+XopP<sub>Xoo</sub>  interacts with the U-box domain of a rice ubiquitin E3 ligase, OsPUB44 and inhibits its activity (Ishikawa //et al//., 2014). XopP<sub>Xcc</sub>  interacts with EXO70B1, EXO70B2 and EXO70F1 in a yeast two-hybrid assay (Michalopoulou //et al.//, 2022). Interaction was confirmed in planta by split YFP and coIP assays (Michalopoulou //et al.//, 2022).
 ===== Conservation =====
@@ Line 50: / Line 53: @@
 Yes (//e.g.//, //Ralstonia solanacearum//) (Roden //et al//., 2004).
 ===== References =====
+Deb S, Ghosh P, Patel HK, Sonti RV (2020). Interaction of the //Xanthomonas// effectors XopQ and XopX results in induction of rice immune responses. Plant J., in press. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14924|10.1111/tpj.14924]]
 Furutani A, Takaoka M, Sanada H, Noguchi Y, Oku T, Tsuno K, Ochiai H, Tsuge S (2009). Identification of novel type III secretion effectors in //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae//. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 22: 96-106. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-22-1-0096|10.1094/MPMI-22-1-0096]]
@@ Line 58: / Line 63: @@
 Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae// requires H-NS-family protein XrvC to regulate virulence during rice infection. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 363: fnw067. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnw067|10.1093/femsle/fnw067]]
+Michalopoulou VA, Mermigka G, Kotsaridis K, Mentzelopoulou A, Celie PHN, Moschou PN, Jones JDG, Sarris PF (2022). The host exocyst complex is targeted by a conserved bacterial type-III effector that promotes virulence. Plant Cell, in press. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac162|10.1093/plcell/koac162]]
 Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during //Xanthomonas// infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 16624-16629. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407383101|10.1073/pnas.0407383101]]

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