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bacteria:t3e:avrbs3 [2020/08/07 12:22] jensboch |
bacteria:t3e:avrbs3 [2020/08/07 15:56] jensboch |
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Author: [[https:// | Author: [[https:// | ||
- | Internal reviewer: Jens Boch\\ | + | Internal reviewer: |
Expert reviewer: FIXME | Expert reviewer: FIXME | ||
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=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
- | AvrBs3 is secreted and translocated into the plant via the Hrp type III secretion system (Bonas //et al//., 1991; Van den Ackerveken //et al//., 1996; Bonas //et al//., 1999). In contrast to wild-type bacteria, an //Xcv// mutant carrying a deletion in the conserved //hrp// gene //hrcV// did not secrete AvrBs3 indicating that AvrBs3 is transported by the Hrp system (Rossier //et al//., 1999). In its C-terminal domain, AvrBs3 carries an acidic activation domain which is functional in plant cells (Van den Ackerveken //et al//., 1996). Two nuclear localization signals in the C-terminal domain of AvrBs3 facilitate transport into the plant cell nucleus (Van den Ackerveken //et al//., 1996; Szurek //et al//., 2002). These eukaryotic features support the role of AvrBs3 and members of the TALE family within the eukaryotic host cell. | + | AvrBs3 is secreted and translocated into the plant via the Hrp type III secretion system (Bonas //et al//., 1991; Van den Ackerveken //et al//., 1996; Bonas //et al//., 1999). In contrast to wild-type bacteria, an //Xcv// mutant carrying a deletion in the conserved //hrp// gene //hrcV// did not secrete AvrBs3 indicating that AvrBs3 is transported by the Hrp system (Rossier //et al//., 1999). The first 10 and 50 amino acids of AvrBs3 are required for secretion and translocation, |
=== Regulation === | === Regulation === | ||
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=== Phenotypes === | === Phenotypes === | ||
- | The central region | + | AvrBs3, as well as other members |
- | Expression analysis using gene promoter fusion and western blot analysis demonstrated that //avrBs3// was expressed and resulted in a 122 kDa protein (1164 aa) which was detectable using a specific polyclonal antibody (Bonas //et al//., 1989). AvrBs3 | + | Expression analysis using gene promoter fusion and western blot analysis demonstrated that //avrBs3// was expressed and resulted in a 122 kDa protein (1164 aa) which was detectable using a specific polyclonal antibody (Bonas //et al//., 1989). |
- | The AvrBs3 effector protein elicits two different types of responses in resistant | + | In resistant |
+ | |||
+ | The central region of the //avrBs3// gene consists of 17.5 nearly identical 102 bp repeats. Each repeat encodes 34 amino acids (Bonas //et al//., 1989). Repeat variable di-residues (RVDs) at positions 12 and 13 determine the specificity of each repeat (Boch //et al// | ||
=== Localization === | === Localization === | ||
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=== Interaction partners === | === Interaction partners === | ||
- | Importin alpha (Szurek //et al.//, 2001) interacts with the nuclear localization sequences of AvrBs3. The basal transcription factor IIA, gamma subunit from rice interacts with a region in the C-terminal domain of TALEs (Yuan //et al//., 2016) and similar interactions might be possible for AvrBs3, too. AvrBs3 and the TALE-family of effectors bind to DNA (Kay //et al//., 2007; Römer //et al//., 2007) with their N-terminal domain exhibiting general DNA-binding properties () and the repeat region facilitating specific interaction to DNA bases (Boch //et al//., 2009; Moscou and Bogdanove, 2009). | + | Importin alpha (Szurek //et al.//, 2001) interacts with the nuclear localization sequences of AvrBs3. The basal transcription factor IIA, gamma subunit from rice interacts with a region in the C-terminal domain of TALEs (Yuan //et al//., 2016) and similar interactions might be possible for AvrBs3, too. AvrBs3 and the TALE-family of effectors bind to DNA (Kay //et al//., 2007; Römer //et al//., 2007) with their N-terminal domain exhibiting general DNA-binding properties (Gao //et al.//, 2012) and the repeat region facilitating specific interaction to DNA bases (Boch //et al//., 2009; Moscou and Bogdanove, 2009). |
===== Conservation ===== | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
=== In xanthomonads === | === In xanthomonads === | ||
- | Yes (//e.g.//, //X. campestris//, | + | Yes in many pathovars, but not necesssarily all strains within a pathovar. |
=== In other plant pathogens/ | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
- | Yes: //Ralstonia solanacearum// | + | Yes: Genes homologous to //avrBs3// of // |
===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
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Bonas U, Van den Ackerveken G (1999). Gene-for-gene interactions: | Bonas U, Van den Ackerveken G (1999). Gene-for-gene interactions: | ||
+ | |||
+ | de Lange O, Schreiber T, Schandry N, Radeck J, Braun KH, Koszinowski J, Heuer H, Strauß A, Lahaye T (2013). Breaking the DNA-binding code of //Ralstonia solanacearum// | ||
+ | |||
+ | de Lange O, Wolf C, Dietze J, Elsaesser J, Morbitzer R, Lahaye T (2014). Programmable DNA-binding proteins from Burkholderia provide a fresh perspective on the TALE-like repeat domain. Nuc. Acids Res. 42: 7436-7449. DOI: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | de Lange O, Wolf C, Thiel P, Krüger J, Kleusch C, Kohlbacher O, Lahaye T (2015). DNA-binding proteins from marine bacteria expand the known sequence diversity of TALE-like repeats. Nuc. Acids Res. 43: 10065-10080. DOI: [[https:// | ||
Deng D, Yan C, Pan X, Mahfouz M, Wang J, Zhu JK, Shi Y, Yan N (2012a). Structural basis for sequence-specific recognition of DNA by TAL effectors. Science 335: 720-723. DOI: [[https:// | Deng D, Yan C, Pan X, Mahfouz M, Wang J, Zhu JK, Shi Y, Yan N (2012a). Structural basis for sequence-specific recognition of DNA by TAL effectors. Science 335: 720-723. DOI: [[https:// | ||
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Gao H, Wu X, Chai J, Han Z (2012). Crystal structure of a TALE protein reveals an extended N-terminal DNA binding region. Cell Res. 22: 1716-1720. DOI: [[https:// | Gao H, Wu X, Chai J, Han Z (2012). Crystal structure of a TALE protein reveals an extended N-terminal DNA binding region. Cell Res. 22: 1716-1720. DOI: [[https:// | ||
- | |||
- | Gürlebeck D, Szurek B, Bonas U (2005). Dimerization of the bacterial effector protein AvrBs3 in the plant cell cytoplasm prior to nuclear import. Plant J. 42: 175-187. DOI: [[https:// | ||
Herbers K, Conrads-Strauch J, Bonas U (1992). Race-specificity of plant resistance to bacterial spot disease determined by repetitive motifs in a bacterial avirulence protein. Nature 356: 172-174. DOI: [[https:// | Herbers K, Conrads-Strauch J, Bonas U (1992). Race-specificity of plant resistance to bacterial spot disease determined by repetitive motifs in a bacterial avirulence protein. Nature 356: 172-174. DOI: [[https:// | ||
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Hopkins CM, White FF, Choi SH, Guo A, Leach JE (1992). Identification of a family of avirulence genes from // | Hopkins CM, White FF, Choi SH, Guo A, Leach JE (1992). Identification of a family of avirulence genes from // | ||
- | |||
- | Ji ZY, Xiong L, Zou LF, Li YR, Ma WX, Liu L, Zakria M, Ji GH, Chen GY (2014). AvrXa7-Xa7 mediated defense in rice can be suppressed by transcriptional activator-like effectors TAL6 and TAL11a from // | ||
Kay S, Hahn S, Marois E, Hause G, Bonas U (2007). A bacterial effector acts as a plant transcription factor and induces a cell size regulator. Science 318: 648-651. DOI: [[http:// | Kay S, Hahn S, Marois E, Hause G, Bonas U (2007). A bacterial effector acts as a plant transcription factor and induces a cell size regulator. Science 318: 648-651. DOI: [[http:// | ||
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Knoop V, Staskawicz B, Bonas U (1991). Expression of the avirulence gene //avrBs3// from // | Knoop V, Staskawicz B, Bonas U (1991). Expression of the avirulence gene //avrBs3// from // | ||
- | Lee AHY, Middleton MA, Guttman DS, Desveaux D (2013). Phytopathogen type III effectors as probes | + | Lackner G, Moebius N, Partida-Martinez LP, Boland S, Hertweck C (2011). Evolution |
Mak AN, Bradley P, Cernadas RA, Bogdanove AJ, Stoddard BL (2012). The crystal structure of TAL effector PthXo1 bound to its DNA target. Science 335: 716-719. DOI: [[https:// | Mak AN, Bradley P, Cernadas RA, Bogdanove AJ, Stoddard BL (2012). The crystal structure of TAL effector PthXo1 bound to its DNA target. Science 335: 716-719. DOI: [[https:// | ||
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Rossier O, Wengelnik K, Hahn K, Bonas U (1999). The // | Rossier O, Wengelnik K, Hahn K, Bonas U (1999). The // | ||
- | Scheibner F, Marillonnet S, Büttner D (2017). The TAL effector AvrBs3 from // | + | Scheibner F, Marillonnet S, Büttner D (2017). The TAL effector AvrBs3 from // |
Stella S, Molina R, Yefimenko I, Prieto J, Silva G, Bertonati C, Juillerat A, Duchateau P, Montoya G (2013). Structure of the AvrBs3–DNA complex provides new insights into the initial thymine-recognition mechanism. Acta Cryst. 69: 1707-1716. DOI: [[http:// | Stella S, Molina R, Yefimenko I, Prieto J, Silva G, Bertonati C, Juillerat A, Duchateau P, Montoya G (2013). Structure of the AvrBs3–DNA complex provides new insights into the initial thymine-recognition mechanism. Acta Cryst. 69: 1707-1716. DOI: [[http:// | ||
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Hutin M, Pérez-Quintero AL, Lopez C, Szurek B (2015). MorTAL Kombat: the story of defense against TAL effectors through loss-of-susceptibility. Front. Plant Sci. 6: 535. DOI: [[https:// | Hutin M, Pérez-Quintero AL, Lopez C, Szurek B (2015). MorTAL Kombat: the story of defense against TAL effectors through loss-of-susceptibility. Front. Plant Sci. 6: 535. DOI: [[https:// | ||
- | Scholze H, Boch J (2010). TAL effector-DNA specificity. Virulence 1: 428-432. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.4161/viru.1.5.12863|10.4161/ | + | Xue J, Lu Z, Liu W, Wang S, Lu D, Wang X, He X (2020). The genetic arms race between plant and //Xanthomonas//: lessons learned from TALE biology. Sci. China Life Sci. 63. DOI: [[https:// |
- | + | ||
- | Scholze H, Boch J (2011). TAL effectors are remote controls for gene activation. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 14: 47-53. DOI: [[https:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Yuan M, Ke Y, Huang R, Ma L, Yang Z, Chu Z, Xiao J, Li X, Wang S (2016). A host basal transcription factor is a key component for infection of rice by TALE-carrying bacteria. Elife 5: DOI: [[https:// | + | |
Zhang J, Yin Z, White F (2015). TAL effectors and the executor //R// genes. Front. Plant Sci. 6: 641. DOI: [[https:// | Zhang J, Yin Z, White F (2015). TAL effectors and the executor //R// genes. Front. Plant Sci. 6: 641. DOI: [[https:// | ||