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bacteria:t3e:avrbs2 [2020/07/13 13:36] rkoebnik [Conservation] |
bacteria:t3e:avrbs2 [2020/07/17 10:32] (current) rkoebnik [Biological function] |
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Prototype: AvrBs2 (// | Prototype: AvrBs2 (// | ||
RefSeq ID: [[https:// | RefSeq ID: [[https:// | ||
- | Synonym: | + | Synonym: |
3D structure: Unknown | 3D structure: Unknown | ||
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=== Phenotypes === | === Phenotypes === | ||
- | * AvrBs2 has been demonstrated to be required for full virulence | + | * The loss of a functional |
+ | * AvrBs2 has been demonstrated to be required for full virulence of //Xcv//, //X. oryzae// | ||
* Recognition of // | * Recognition of // | ||
* It was shown in pepper and tomato lines without //Bs2 //that mutations of catalytic residues in the glycerolphosphodiesterase did not interfere with the ability of the plant to recognize AvrBs2 through the cognate R gene // | * It was shown in pepper and tomato lines without //Bs2 //that mutations of catalytic residues in the glycerolphosphodiesterase did not interfere with the ability of the plant to recognize AvrBs2 through the cognate R gene // | ||
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* AvrBs2 transiently expressed in // | * AvrBs2 transiently expressed in // | ||
* Induced expression of AvrBs2 in transgenic cell cultures was shown to dramatically suppress flg22-induced and chitin-induced immune responses, such as ROS burst and PR gene expression (Li //et al//., 2015). | * Induced expression of AvrBs2 in transgenic cell cultures was shown to dramatically suppress flg22-induced and chitin-induced immune responses, such as ROS burst and PR gene expression (Li //et al//., 2015). | ||
- | * A ∆// | + | * A ∆// |
=== Localization === | === Localization === | ||
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Indirectly – the pathovars that induced // | Indirectly – the pathovars that induced // | ||
- | |||
=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
- | AvrBs2 fused to the calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase domain was shown to translocate into plant cells (cytosol), detected through rise of cAMP levels inside the plant tissue. The // | + | AvrBs2 fused to the calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase domain was shown to translocate into plant cells (cytosol), detected through rise of cAMP levels inside the plant tissue. The //hrpF// < |
=== Regulation === | === Regulation === | ||
- | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes // | + | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//), including //avrBs2//, were significantly reduced in the // |
- | + | ||
- | Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) and qRT-PCR have shown that // | + | |
+ | Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) and qRT-PCR have shown that //avrBs2// gene expression is downregulated in a //X. citri// pv. //citri// Δ//phoP// mutant, indicating that PhoP is a positive regulator of //avrBs2// expression (Wei //et al//., 2019). | ||
=== Phenotypes === | === Phenotypes === | ||
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* Induced expression of AvrBs2 in transgenic cell cultures was shown to dramatically suppress flg22-induced and chitin-induced immune responses, such as ROS burst and PR gene expression (Li //et al//., 2015). | * Induced expression of AvrBs2 in transgenic cell cultures was shown to dramatically suppress flg22-induced and chitin-induced immune responses, such as ROS burst and PR gene expression (Li //et al//., 2015). | ||
* A ∆// | * A ∆// | ||
+ | * // | ||
=== Localization === | === Localization === | ||
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Yes (//e.g.//, //X//. // | Yes (//e.g.//, //X//. // | ||
- | Genome sequencing | + | Field strains |
- | + | ||
- | Genome sequencing showed variation in effector profiles among race 4 strains collected in 2006 and 2012 and compared with a race 3 strain collected | + | |
=== In other plant pathogens/ | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
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Coplin DL (1989). Plasmids and their role in the evolution of plant pathogenic bacteria. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 27: 187-212. DOI: [[https:// | Coplin DL (1989). Plasmids and their role in the evolution of plant pathogenic bacteria. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 27: 187-212. DOI: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Deb S, Ghosh P, Patel HK, Sonti RV (2020). Interaction of the // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Gassmann W, Dahlbeck D, Chesnokova O, Minsavage GV, Jones JB, Staskawicz BJ (2000). Molecular evolution of virulence in natural field strains of // | ||
Ghosh P (2004). Process of protein transport by the type III secretion system. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68: 771-795. DOI: [[https:// | Ghosh P (2004). Process of protein transport by the type III secretion system. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68: 771-795. DOI: [[https:// | ||
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Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during // | Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during // | ||
- | Timilsina S, Abrahamian P, Potnis N, Minsavage GV, White FF, Staskawicz BJ, Jones JB, Vallad GE, Goss EM (2016). Analysis of sequenced genomes of Xanthomonas perforans identifies candidate targets for resistance breeding | + | Swords KM, Dahlbeck D, Kearney B, Roy M, Staskawicz BJ (1996). Spontaneous and induced mutations in a single open reading frame alter both virulence and avirulence |
Wei C, Ding T, Chang C, Yu C, Li X, Liu Q (2019). Global regulator PhoP is necessary for motility, biofilm formation, exoenzyme production and virulence of // | Wei C, Ding T, Chang C, Yu C, Li X, Liu Q (2019). Global regulator PhoP is necessary for motility, biofilm formation, exoenzyme production and virulence of // | ||
- | Wichmann G, Bergelson J (2004). Effector genes of // | + | Wichmann G, Bergelson J (2004). Effector genes of // |
- | Wichmann G, Ritchie D, Kousik CS, Bergelson J (2005). Reduced genetic variation occurs among genes of the highly clonal plant pathogen // | + | Wichmann G, Ritchie D, Kousik CS, Bergelson J (2005). Reduced genetic variation occurs among genes of the highly clonal plant pathogen // |
Zhao B, Dahlbeck D, Krasileva KV, Fong RW, Staskawicz BJ (2011). Computational and biochemical analysis of the // | Zhao B, Dahlbeck D, Krasileva KV, Fong RW, Staskawicz BJ (2011). Computational and biochemical analysis of the // | ||
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===== Further reading ===== | ===== Further reading ===== | ||
- | Gassmann W, Dahlbeck D, Chesnokova O, Minsavage GV, Jones JB, Staskawicz BJ (2000). Molecular evolution | + | Timilsina S, Abrahamian P, Potnis N, Minsavage GV, White FF, Staskawicz BJ, Jones JB, Vallad GE, Goss EM (2016). Analysis |
- | + | ||
- | Swords KM, Dahlbeck D, Kearney B, Roy M, Staskawicz BJ (1996). Spontaneous and induced mutations | + | |