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--- bacteria:t3e:xopae [2020/07/03 10:24]
rkoebnik
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopae [2020/08/13 12:14]
lnoel
@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guido_Sessa|Guido Sessa]]\\
 Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Studholme|David J. Studholme]]\\
-Expert reviewer: FIXME
+Expert reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laurent_Noel|Laurent Noël]]
 Class: XopAE\\
-Family: XopAE family\\
+Family: XopAE\\
-Prototype: XopAE (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// aka //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// [//Xcv//]; strain 85-10), also referred to as HpaF (Kim //et al.//, 2003; Sugio //et al.//, 2005). In //Xcv// 85-10, the gene is bipartite and the two parts were coined //hpaF// and //hpaG// (Noël //et al.//, 2002). However, //hpaG// was used by others to designate the homolog of //hpa1// (//X. campestris//, //X. oryzae//) and //xopA// (//Xcv// 85-10) (Kim //et al.//, 2003).
+Prototype: XopAE (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria//, ex //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//; strain 85-10)\\
 RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_011050288.1|WP_011050288.1]] (547 aa)\\
-D structure: E3 ubiquitin ligase, based on homology modelling. Similar fold to that of XopL (Popov //et al//., 2018).
+Synonyms: XopAE was also referred to as HpaF (Kim //et al.//, 2003; Sugio //et al.//, 2005). In //Xcv// strain 85-10, the gene is bipartite and the two parts were first coined //hpaF// and //hpaG// (Noël //et al.//, 2002). Be careful: //hpaG// was also used in other Xanthomonas to designate the homolog of //hpa1// (//X. campestris//, //X. oryzae//) and //xopA// (//Xcv// 85-10) (Kim //et al.//, 2003).\\
+D structure: Most XopAE pocesses a N-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a C-terminal XL box motif with an E3 ubiquitin ligase fold, based on homology modelling (Popov //et al//., 2018). Predicted fold of XopAE C terminus is similar to that of XopL (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 ===== The locus =====
-The //xopAE// locus in the majority of the //Xanthomonas// strains encodes a single ORF (//xopAE//), while in //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 a frame-shift splits it into two ORFs (//hpaF// and //xopAE<sub>85-10</sub> //) that are transcribed in an operon as a bicistronic mRNA (Noël //et al//., 2002).
+The //xopAE// locus in the majority of the //Xanthomonas// strains encodes a single ORF (//xopAE//). Yet, in //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10, a frame-shift splits it into two ORFs (//hpaF// and //xopAE<sub>85-10</sub> //) that are transcribed in an operon as a bicistronic mRNA (Noël //et al//., 2002; Popov //et al//., 2018).
 ===== Biological function =====
 === How discovered? ===
-XopAE was discovered by DNA sequencing of the //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 //hrp// cluster (Noël //et al//., 2002).
+XopAE was discovered by studying //hrpG//-regulated genes within the //hrp// gene cluster of //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 (Noël //et al//., 2002).
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
-XopAE preceded by //hpaF// was fused to the AvrBs2 reporter and shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Popov //et al//., 2018).
+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> was fused to the AvrBs2 reporter and shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 === Regulation ===
@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 === Phenotypes ===
-XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is a suppressor of PTI that was shown to inhibit flg22-mediated signaling in //Arabidopsis// and tomato protoplasts, downstream or in parallel to the activation of the MPK3 and MPK6 MAP kinases. Expression of XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> in plants inhibits PTI-associated callose deposition at the cell wall and enhances disease symptoms (Popov //et al//., 2016).
+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is a suppressor of PTI that was shown to inhibit flg22-mediated signaling in //Arabidopsis// and tomato protoplasts, downstream or in parallel to the activation of the MPK3 and MPK6 MAP kinases. //Pseudomonas syringae//-mediated delivery of XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> in plants inhibits PTI-associated callose deposition at the cell wall and enhances disease symptoms in tomato (Popov //et al//., 2016).
 === Localization ===
-Cytoplasm and nucleus (Popov //et al//., 2016).
+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub>-YFP fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus of //Nicotiana benthamiana// leaf epidermal cells (Popov //et al//., 2016).
 === Enzymatic function ===
-XopAE is an active E3 ubiquitin ligase //in vitro// (Popov //et al//., 2018).
+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is an active E3 ubiquitin ligase //in vitro// (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 === Interaction partners ===
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 === In xanthomonads ===
-Yes (//e.g.//, the //xopAE// locus is present in sequenced genomes of //X. alfalfae//, //X. euvesicatoria//, //X. oryzae//, //X. bromi//, //X. vasicola// and //X. fragariae//).
+Yes (Popov //et al//., 2018). The //xopAE// locus is present in sequenced genomes of //X. alfalfae//, //X. euvesicatoria//, //X. oryzae//, //X. bromi//, //X. vasicola// and //X. fragariae// but not //X. campestris// pv. //campestris, for instance//.
 === In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
 Sugio A, Yang B, White FF (2005). Characterization of the //hrpF// pathogenicity peninsula of //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae//. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 18: 546‐554. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-18-0546|10.1094/MPMI-18-0546]]
+===== Further reading =====
+Zhao S, Mo WL, Wu F, Tang W, Tang JL, Szurek B, Verdier V, Koebnik R, Feng JX (2013). Identification of non-TAL effectors in //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzae// Chinese strain 13751 and analysis of their role in the bacterial virulence. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29: 733-744. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1229-5|10.1007/s11274-012-1229-5]]

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