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bacteria:t3e:xopae [2020/07/09 12:33]
rkoebnik [References] 		bacteria:t3e:xopae [2020/09/10 18:32] (current)
rkoebnik [Conservation]
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 Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guido_Sessa|Guido Sessa]]\\ Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guido_Sessa|Guido Sessa]]\\
 Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Studholme|David J. Studholme]]\\ Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Studholme|David J. Studholme]]\\
-Expert reviewer: FIXME+Expert reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laurent_Noel|Laurent Noël]]
  
 Class: XopAE\\ Class: XopAE\\
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 Prototype: XopAE (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria//, ex //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//; strain 85-10)\\ Prototype: XopAE (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria//, ex //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//; strain 85-10)\\
 RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_011050288.1|WP_011050288.1]] (547 aa)\\ RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_011050288.1|WP_011050288.1]] (547 aa)\\
-Synonyms: XopAE also referred to as HpaF (Kim //et al.//, 2003; Sugio //et al.//, 2005). In //Xcv// strain 85-10, the gene is bipartite and the two parts were coined //hpaF// and //hpaG// (Noël //et al.//, 2002). However, //hpaG// was used by others to designate the homolog of //hpa1// (//X. campestris//, //X. oryzae//) and //xopA// (//Xcv// 85-10) (Kim //et al.//, 2003).\\ +Synonyms: XopAE was also referred to as HpaF (Kim //et al.//, 2003; Sugio //et al.//, 2005). In //Xcv// strain 85-10, the gene is bipartite and the two parts were first coined //hpaF// and //hpaG// (Noël //et al.//, 2002). Be careful: //hpaG// was also used in other Xanthomonas to designate the homolog of //hpa1// (//X. campestris//, //X. oryzae//) and //xopA// (//Xcv// 85-10) (Kim //et al.//, 2003).\\ 
-3D structure: E3 ubiquitin ligase, based on homology modelling. Similar fold to that of XopL (Popov //et al//., 2018). +3D structure: Most XopAE pocesses a N-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a C-terminal XL box motif with an E3 ubiquitin ligase fold, based on homology modelling (Popov //et al//., 2018). Predicted fold of XopAE C terminus is similar to that of XopL (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 ===== The locus ===== ===== The locus =====
  
-The //xopAE// locus in the majority of the //Xanthomonas// strains encodes a single ORF (//xopAE//), while in //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 a frame-shift splits it into two ORFs (//hpaF// and //xopAE<sub>85-10</sub> //) that are transcribed in an operon as a bicistronic mRNA (Noël //et al//., 2002).+The //xopAE// locus in the majority of the //Xanthomonas// strains encodes a single ORF (//xopAE//). Yet, in //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10, a frame-shift splits it into two ORFs (//hpaF// and //xopAE<sub>85-10</sub> //) that are transcribed in an operon as a bicistronic mRNA (Noël //et al//., 2002; Popov //et al//., 2018).
 ===== Biological function ===== ===== Biological function =====
  
 === How discovered? === === How discovered? ===
  
-XopAE was discovered by DNA sequencing of the //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 //hrp// cluster (Noël //et al//., 2002).+XopAE was discovered by studying //hrpG//-regulated genes within the //hrp// gene cluster of //X. euvesicatoria// strain 85-10 (Noël //et al//., 2002).
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
  
-XopAE preceded by //hpaF// was fused to the AvrBs2 reporter and shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Popov //et al//., 2018).+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> was fused to the AvrBs2 reporter and shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 === Regulation === === Regulation ===
  
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 === Phenotypes === === Phenotypes ===
  
-XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is a suppressor of PTI that was shown to inhibit flg22-mediated signaling in //Arabidopsis// and tomato protoplasts, downstream or in parallel to the activation of the MPK3 and MPK6 MAP kinases. Expression of XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> in plants inhibits PTI-associated callose deposition at the cell wall and enhances disease symptoms (Popov //et al//., 2016).+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is a suppressor of PTI that was shown to inhibit flg22-mediated signaling in //Arabidopsis// and tomato protoplasts, downstream or in parallel to the activation of the MPK3 and MPK6 MAP kinases. //Pseudomonas syringae//-mediated delivery of XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> in plants inhibits PTI-associated callose deposition at the cell wall and enhances disease symptoms in tomato (Popov //et al//., 2016).
 === Localization === === Localization ===
  
-Cytoplasm and nucleus (Popov //et al//., 2016).+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub>-YFP fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus of //Nicotiana benthamiana// leaf epidermal cells (Popov //et al//., 2016).
 === Enzymatic function === === Enzymatic function ===
  
-XopAE is an active E3 ubiquitin ligase //in vitro// (Popov //et al//., 2018).+XopAE<sub>85-10</sub> is an active E3 ubiquitin ligase //in vitro// (Popov //et al//., 2018).
 === Interaction partners === === Interaction partners ===
  
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 === In xanthomonads === === In xanthomonads ===
  
-Yes (//e.g.//, the //xopAE// locus is present in sequenced genomes of //X. alfalfae//, //X. euvesicatoria//, //X. oryzae//, //X. bromi//, //X. vasicola// and //X. fragariae//).+Yes (Popov //et al//., 2018). The //xopAE// locus is present in sequenced genomes of //X. alfalfae//, //X. euvesicatoria//, //X. oryzae//, //X. bromi//, //X. vasicola// and //X. fragariae//, but not in //X. campestris// pv. //campestris//, for instance.
 === In other plant pathogens/symbionts === === In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
  
 Yes. There are homologues in //Acidovorax// spp. (sharing up to about 50% amino-acid sequence identity) and in //Ralstonia //spp//.// (less than 35% sequence identity). Yes. There are homologues in //Acidovorax// spp. (sharing up to about 50% amino-acid sequence identity) and in //Ralstonia //spp//.// (less than 35% sequence identity).
 +
 ===== References ===== ===== References =====
  
bacteria/t3e/xopae.1594290832.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/07/09 12:33 by rkoebnik

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