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Molecular Diagnosis and Diversity for Regulated Xanthomonas
Bacterial virulence factors
This DokuWiki is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)
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Author: Yael Helman
Internal reviewer: Monika Kałużna
Expert reviewer: Ralf Koebnik
Class: XopAW
Family: XopAW
Prototype: XCV3093 (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria, ex Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria; strain 85-10)
RefSeq ID: CAJ24824.1 (221 aa)
3D structure: Unknown
XopAW (XCV3093 in X. euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria 85-10; was discovered using a machine-learning approach; Teper et al., 2016).
XopAWXcv fused to the AvrBs2 reporter without type 3 secretion signal was shown to trigger a hypersensitive response in ECW20R pepper leaves (carrying the Bs2 resistance gene) in an hrpF-dependent manner (Teper et al., 2016).
Unknown.
A Xanthomonas euvesicatoria 85-10 mutant defective in xopAW did not exhibit reduced virulence symptoms when inoculated on leaves of susceptible pepper plants, relative to wild-type 85-10 (Teper et al., 2016). Additionally, expression in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts did not display any significant effect on suppression of the PTI-associated responses induced by the bacterial peptide flg22 (Popov et al., 2018).
Unknown.
XopAW contains a canonical EF-hand calcium-binding motif and can potentially interfere with host calcium signaling (Teper et al., 2016).
Unknown.
Yes (e.g., X. arboricola, X. axonopodis, X. citri, X. euvesicatoria, X. phaseoli, all above 90% sequence identity; more distant homologs in X. translucens, X. hyacinthi, X. bonasiae, X. sacchari). Presence in strains without T3SS (X. bonasiae, X. sacchari) is atypical for type 3 effectors.
Yes (e.g., Ralstonia solanacearum, Acidovorax avenae, Pseudomonas syringae, Rhizobium) (Teper et al., 2016).
Popov G, Fraiture M, Brunner F, Sessa G (2018). Multiple Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effectors inhibit flg22-triggered immunity. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 29: 651-660. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-07-16-0137-R
Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector proteins by a machine-learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12288
Popov G, Fraiture M, Brunner F, Sessa G (2018). Multiple Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effectors inhibit flg22-triggered immunity. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 29: 651-660. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-07-16-0137-R
Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector proteins by a machine-learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12288
