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bacteria:t3e:xopi [2020/07/03 09:47] rkoebnik |
bacteria:t3e:xopi [2020/07/08 18:50] rkoebnik [Biological function] |
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====== XopI ====== | ====== XopI ====== | ||
- | Author: [[https:// | + | Author: [[https:// |
Internal reviewer: Isabel Rodrigues\\ | Internal reviewer: Isabel Rodrigues\\ | ||
Expert reviewer: FIXME | Expert reviewer: FIXME | ||
Class: XopI\\ | Class: XopI\\ | ||
- | Family: | + | Family: |
- | Prototype: (// | + | Prototype: (// |
RefSeq ID: [[https:// | RefSeq ID: [[https:// | ||
3D structure: Unknown | 3D structure: Unknown | ||
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=== How discovered? === | === How discovered? === | ||
- | Effector proteins (T3Es) can suppress the plant innate immunity and alter the plant metabolism to the pathogen’s advantage. The T3E XopI was identified in Xcv strain 85-10 due to a F-box motif based on the presence of a PIP (pathogen-inducible promoter) box in its promoter region. XopI secretion and translocation was shown during the interaction of Xcv with resistant pepper plants (Schulze //et al//., 2012). Moreover, interaction studies in yeast showed that XopI specifically interacts with one out of 21 // | + | Effector proteins (T3Es) can suppress the plant innate immunity and alter the plant metabolism to the pathogen’s advantage. The T3E XopI was identified in //Xcv// strain 85-10 due to a F-box motif based on the presence of a PIP (pathogen-inducible promoter) box in its promoter region. XopI secretion and translocation was shown during the interaction of //Xcv// with resistant pepper plants (Schulze //et al//., 2012). Moreover, interaction studies in yeast showed that XopI specifically interacts with one out of 21 // |
=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
- | The transcripts of XopI were amplified from Xcv derivative 85* strain, which expresses a constitutively active HrpG point mutant resulting in constitutive expression of the T3S system, suggesting co‐expression with T3S genes (Schulze //et al//., 2012). To investigate whether //xopI// was indeed T3SS dependently secreted and translocated into the plant cell, a translational fusion with the reporter protein AvrBs3D2, a derivative of the TAL effector AvrBs3 which lacks a T3S and translocation signal, was performed. Fusion of a functional T3S signal to AvrBs3D2 enables its translocation and thus the induction of the HR in pepper cultivar ECW-30R plants that harbor the corresponding resistance gene Bs3. When the bacteria were incubated in T3S medium, | + | The transcripts of XopI were amplified from //Xcv// derivative 85* strain, which expresses a constitutively active HrpG point mutant resulting in constitutive expression of the T3S system, suggesting co‐expression with T3S genes (Schulze //et al//., 2012). To investigate whether //xopI// was indeed T3SS dependently secreted and translocated into the plant cell, a translational fusion with the reporter protein AvrBs3D2, a derivative of the TAL effector AvrBs3 which lacks a T3S and translocation signal, was performed. Fusion of a functional T3S signal to AvrBs3D2 enables its translocation and thus the induction of the HR in pepper cultivar ECW-30R plants that harbor the corresponding resistance gene //Bs3//. When the bacteria were incubated in T3S medium, |
+ | |||
+ | Translocation class; classification based on HpaB dependence (Büttner //et al.//, 2006). | ||
=== Regulation === | === Regulation === | ||
- | XopI is presumably controlled by both HrpG and HrpX. The HrpX-dependent induction of //xopR// has been described previously (Koebnik //et al.//, 2006). HrpG‐ and HrpX‐dependent co‐regulation with the T3S system | + | XopI is presumably controlled by both HrpG and HrpX. The HrpX-dependent induction of //xopR// has been described previously (Koebnik //et al.//, 2006). HrpG‐ and HrpX‐dependent co‐regulation with the T3S system. |
=== Phenotypes === | === Phenotypes === | ||
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XopR and XopS belong to //Xcv// translocation class A, comprising T3Es whose translocation into plant cells is completely dependent on HpaB, whereas XopB, XopG, **XopI**, XopK, XopM and XopV were assigned to class B, because they are still translocated in the absence of HpaB (Büttner //et al.//, 2006). Both new class A effectors lack homology to known proteins or motifs, so that their molecular function remains elusive. By contrast, the class B effectors comprise the putative enzyme XopG, a member of the HopH family of putative zinc metalloproteases. Other effectors possess interesting features, for example XopI contains an F‐box motif typical for eukaryotic proteins playing a role in the ubiquitin‐26S proteasome system (UPS). The UPS controls protein stability in eukaryotes and appears to be a favorable target for many T3Es, for example members of the GALA family, which strongly contribute to the virulence of //R. solanacearum// | XopR and XopS belong to //Xcv// translocation class A, comprising T3Es whose translocation into plant cells is completely dependent on HpaB, whereas XopB, XopG, **XopI**, XopK, XopM and XopV were assigned to class B, because they are still translocated in the absence of HpaB (Büttner //et al.//, 2006). Both new class A effectors lack homology to known proteins or motifs, so that their molecular function remains elusive. By contrast, the class B effectors comprise the putative enzyme XopG, a member of the HopH family of putative zinc metalloproteases. Other effectors possess interesting features, for example XopI contains an F‐box motif typical for eukaryotic proteins playing a role in the ubiquitin‐26S proteasome system (UPS). The UPS controls protein stability in eukaryotes and appears to be a favorable target for many T3Es, for example members of the GALA family, which strongly contribute to the virulence of //R. solanacearum// | ||
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===== Conservation ===== | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
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Üstün S, Börnke F (2014). Interactions of // | Üstün S, Börnke F (2014). Interactions of // | ||
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+ | ===== Further reading ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Thieme F (2006). Genombasierte Identifizierung neuer potentieller Virulenzfaktoren von // | ||