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--- bacteria:t3e:xopn [2020/08/09 19:54]
jvicente
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopn [2020/08/09 20:27]
jvicente
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 === How discovered? ===
-XopN was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn//5//-based transposon construct harboring the coding sequence for the HR-inducing domain of AvrBs2, but devoid of the effectors' T3SS signal, that was randomly inserted into the genome of //X. campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// (//Xcv//)strain 85-10. The XopN::AvrBs2 fusion protein triggered a //Bs2//-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) in pepper leaves (Roden //et al//., 2004).
+XopN was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn//5//-based transposon construct harboring the coding sequence for the HR-inducing domain of AvrBs2, but devoid of the effectors' T3SS signal, that was randomly inserted into the genome of //X. campestris// pv. //vesicatoria// (//Xcv//) strain 85-10. The XopN::AvrBs2 fusion protein triggered a //Bs2//-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) in pepper leaves (Roden //et al//., 2004).
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
   * XopN has been shown to be required for maximal pathogenicity of //X. axonopodis//  pv. //punicae//  (//Xap//) in pomegranate (Kumar and Mondal, 2013). The deletion of XopN from Xap caused higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species showing that XopN suppresses ROS-mdeiated defense responses during blight pathogenesis in pomegranate (Kumar //et al.//, 2016).
   * A Δ//xopN//–Δ//xopQ //double knock-out mutant in //X. phaseoli//  pv. //manihotis//  (//Xpm//) was less aggressive in the cassava host plant than its single mutation counterparts. In addition, //in planta //  bacterial growth was reduced at 5 dpi in the double mutant with respect to the wild-type strain CIO151 and individual knock-out strains. The phenotype of the double mutant could be complemented when transforming a plasmid containing //xopQ//. These results confirmed that //xopN //and// xopQ //are functionally redundant in //Xpm//  (Medina //et al.//, 2017).
-  * XopN was shown to contribute significantly to //X. oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  (Xoo) virulence on a susceptible rice variety Nipponbare. XopN was shown to be highly translocated to suppress rice defense responses (Mo //et al.//, 2020).
+  * //Agrobacterium// mediated transient transfer of the gene for XopN resulted in suppression of rice innate immune responses induced by LipA, a hydrolitic enzyme secreted by //X. oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  (Xoo), but a //xopN// <sup>//-// </sup>  mutant of //Xoo// retains the ability to suppress these innate immune responses indicating other functionally redundant proteins; amongst these proteins, XopQ, XopX and XopZ are suppressors of LipA induced innate immune responses; mutation in any one of the //xopN, xopQ, xopX or xopZ// genes causes partial virulence deficiency (Sinha et al., 2013). XopN was shown to contribute significantly to //X. oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  (Xoo) virulence on a susceptible rice variety Nipponbare. XopN was shown to be highly translocated to suppress rice defense responses (Mo //et al.//, 2020).
+  * XopN and AvrBS2 were shown to significantly contribute to virulence of //X. oryzae//  pv. //oryzicola//  (Xoc GX01) (Liao //et al.//, 2020).
 === Localization ===
@@ Line 39: / Line 40: @@
 === Enzymatic function ===
- XopN binds TARK1, a tomato atypical receptor kinase required for PTI. Taylor //et al.// (2012) showed that XopN promotes TARK1/TFT1 complex formation  CKGE_TMP_i in vitro CKGE_TMP_i  and  CKGE_TMP_i in planta CKGE_TMP_i  by functioning as a molecular scaffold.
+XopN binds TARK1, a tomato atypical receptor kinase required for PTI. Taylor //et al.//  (2012) showed that XopN promotes TARK1/TFT1 complex formation //in vitro//  and //in planta//  by functioning as a molecular scaffold.TFT proteins are involved in immune signaling during //X. euvesicatoria//  infection and can interact with multiple effectors including XopN (Dubrow //et al.//, 2018). TARK1 was shown to interact with proteins predicted to be associated with stomatal closure (Guzman et al., 2020).
+Three effectors (XopZ, XopN and XopV) were shown to be able to supress the peptidoglycan-triggered MAPK activation and a triple mutant of Xoo lacking these genes showed additively reduced virulence (Long et al., 2018).
 === Interaction partners ===
@@ Line 45: / Line 48: @@
 XopN interact with two types of proteins in tomato: Tomato Atypical Receptor-like Kinase1 (TARK1) and four Tomato Fourteen-Three-Three isoforms (TFT1, TFT3, TFT5, and TFT6) (Kim //et al//., 2009). XopN interacts with the tomato 14-3-3 isoform TFT1 that functions in PTI and is a XopN virulence target (Taylor //et al.//, 2012).
-Two rice proteins, OsVOZ2 and a putative thiamine synthase (OsXNP) were identified as targets of XopN<sub>KXO85</sub> by yeast two-hybrid screening (Cheong et al., 2012).
+Two rice proteins, OsVOZ2 and a putative thiamine synthase (OsXNP) were identified as targets of XopN<sub>KXO85</sub>  by yeast two-hybrid screening (Cheong et al., 2012).
 ===== Conservation =====
@@ Line 63: / Line 66: @@
 Dubrow Z, Sunitha S, Kim JG, et al. Tomato 14-3-3 Proteins Are Required for Xv3 Disease Resistance and Interact with a Subset of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Effectors. //Mol Plant Microbe Interact//. 2018;31(12):1301-1311. DOI:10.1094/MPMI-02-18-0048-R
-Guzman AR, Kim JG, Taylor KW, Lanver D, Mudgett MB. Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Preinvasion Defense. //Plant Physiol//. 2020;183(3):1306-1318. DOI:10.1104/pp.19.01400 ADD INFO
+Guzman AR, Kim JG, Taylor KW, Lanver D, Mudgett MB. Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Preinvasion Defense. //Plant Physiol//. 2020;183(3):1306-1318. DOI:10.1104/pp.19.01400
 Jiang B, He Y, Cen W, Wei H, Jiang G, Jiang W, Hang X, Feng J, Lu G, Tang D, Tang J (2008). The type III secretion effector XopXccN of //Xanthomonas campestris//  pv. //campestris//  is required for full virulence. Res. Microbiol. 159: 216-220. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2007.12.004|10.1016/j.resmic.2007.12.004]]
@@ Line 74: / Line 77: @@
 Liao ZX, Li JY, Mo XY, et al. Type III effectors xopN and avrBS2 contribute to the virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola strain GX01. //Res Microbiol//. 2020;171(2):102-106. DOI:10.1016/j.resmic.2019.10.002
-Li S, Wang Y, Wang S, Fang A, Wang J, Liu L, Zhang K, Mao Y, Sun W (2015). The type III effector AvrBs2 in //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzicola//  suppresses rice immunity and promotes disease development. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 28: 869-880. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-14-0314-R|10.1094/MPMI-10-14-0314-R]]FIXME  Information needs to be added to the profile.
 Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  requires H-NS-family protein XrvC to regulate virulence during rice infection. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 363: fnw067. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnw067|10.1093/femsle/fnw067]]
-Long J, Song C, Yan F, Zhou J, Zhou H, Yang B (2018). Non-TAL effectors from //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  suppress peptidoglycan-triggered MAPK activation in rice. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 1857. doi: [[https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01857|10.3389/fpls.2018.01857]]FIXME  Information needs to be added to the profile.
+Long J, Song C, Yan F, Zhou J, Zhou H, Yang B (2018). Non-TAL effectors from //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//  suppress peptidoglycan-triggered MAPK activation in rice. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 1857. doi: [[https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01857|10.3389/fpls.2018.01857]]
 Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from //Xanthomonas axonopodis//  pv. //manihotis//  in virulence and suppression of plant immunity. Mol. Plant Pathol. 19: 593-606. DOI:[[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12545|10.1111/mpp.12545]]
@@ Line 87: / Line 88: @@
 Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during //Xanthomonas//  infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 16624-16629. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407383101|10.1073/pnas.0407383101]]
-Sinha D, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Ranjan A, Sonti RV (2013). Cell wall degrading enzyme induced rice innate immune responses are suppressed by the type 3 secretion system effectors XopN, XopQ, XopX and XopZ of //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//. PLoS One 8: e75867. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075867|10.1371/journal.pone.0075867]]FIXME  Information needs to be added to the profile.
+Sinha D, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Ranjan A, Sonti RV (2013). Cell wall degrading enzyme induced rice innate immune responses are suppressed by the type 3 secretion system effectors XopN, XopQ, XopX and XopZ of //Xanthomonas oryzae//  pv. //oryzae//. PLoS One 8: e75867. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075867|10.1371/journal.pone.007586]]7
 Taylor KW, Kim JG, Su XB, Aakre CD, Roden JA, Adams CM, Mudgett MB (2012). Tomato TFT1 is required for PAMP-triggered immunity and mutations that prevent T3S effector XopN from binding to TFT1 attenuate //Xanthomonas//  virulence. PLoS Pathog. 8: e1002768. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002768|10.1371/journal.ppat.1002768]]

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