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--- bacteria:t3e:xopaq [2020/06/22 09:12]
saulburdman [References]
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-====== XopAQ ======
-Author: Jose Gadea\\
-Internal reviewer: FIXME\\
-Expert reviewer: FIXME
-Class:XopAQ\\
-Family:XopAQ\\
-Prototype: XopAQ (//X. gardneri// (Xg); strain 101 = ATCC 19865)\\
-GenBank ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/|EGD19295.1]] (95 aa)\\
-D structure: Unknown
-===== Biological function =====
-=== How discovered? ===
-XopAQ was discovered by sequencing the genome of the //X. gardneri// (Xg) strain 101 (Potnis //et al//., 2011).
-=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
-A functional screen to isolate //Ralstonia solanacearum// genes encoding proteins translocated into plant cells reveal that the gene Rip6 and Rip11 were two new translocated proteins. XopAQ is 60% identical at the protein level to these two proteins. BlastP alignment between XopAQ and Rip6 indicates that the homology is spanned along the whole protein, including the N-terminal part, suggesting that the functional motif that drives translocation in Rip6 is conserved in XopAQ. Translocation assays using a strain deleted in the hpaB gene of //Ralstonia// indicates that Rip6 and Rip11 requires HpaB for their effective translocation into plant cells via the Hrp T3SS (Mukaihara //et al//., 2010). However, no functional translocation assay has been performed for //Xanthomonas// XopAQ effector to our knowledge.
-=== Regulation ===
-XopAQ is up-regulated when //X.citri// pv. //citri// 306 and //X.citri// pv. //citri// Aw12879 (restricted to Mexican lime) are grown in XVM2 medium, known to induce hrp gene expression, as compared with nutrient broth (NB). However, no differential expression was observed in this gene among these two strains (Jalan //et al//., 2013).
-The //X. arboricola// gene shows a putative plant-inducible promoter box (PIP-BOX) sequence, 67 bp upstream of the TATA box (Garita-Cambronero, 2016b).
-=== Phenotypes ===
-Unknown.
-=== Localization ===
-CSS-Palm suite reveals potential myristoylation/palmitoylation motifs for XopAQ, suggesting that the protein could be targeted to the cytoplasmic membrane (Barak //et al//., 2016). This targeting is facilitated by a simple sequence motif at the N terminus of the polypeptide chain.
-=== Enzymatic function ===
-Unknown. No known motifs are found in the Rip6 and Rip11 proteins of //Ralstonia// (Mukaihara //et al//., 2010). No motifs are found in the //X. gardneri// protein neither (Prosite analysis).
-=== Interaction partners ===
-Unknown.
-===== Conservation =====
-=== In xanthomonads ===
-Yes. Widely present in the most agressive citrus canker-causing //X.citri// A strains but also in the AW strain (narrow host range) (Escalon //et al//., 2013; Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2019), and also in the milder //X. fuscans// B strain, but not in the //X. fuscans// C strain (restricted to //C. aurantifoli//; Dalio //et al//., 2017). Present in //Xanthomonas gardneri// but not in some strains of //X. perforans// nor //X. euvesicatoria// strains affecting pepper and tomato (Potnis //et al//., 2011; Schwartz //et al//., 2015; Vancheva //et al//., 2015; Jibrin //et al//., 2018). Two paralogs of XopAQ present in strains 66b and LMG 918 of //X. euvesicatoria//, but not present in other LMG strains, 83b, 85-10, or //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //rosa// (Barak //et al//., 2016). Present in pathogenic (but not in non-pathogenic//) X. arboricola// pv. //pruni// (Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2016a, 2019), but not in the related //X. juglandis// or //X. corylina// (Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2018). Also present in //X. citri// pv. //viticola// (Schwartz //et al//., 2015) and other //X. citri// pathovars (blastp analysis). //X. phaseolis// //and X. populi//, among others, present a protein with moderate homology in a blastp analysis.
-=== In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
-Yes (//Ralstonia//).
-====== XopAQ ======
-Author: Jose Gadea\\
-Internal reviewer: FIXME \\
-Expert reviewer: FIXME
-Class:XopAQ\\
-Family:XopAQ\\
-Prototype: XopAQ (//X. gardneri// (Xg); strain 101 = ATCC 19865)\\
-GenBank ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/|EGD19295.1]] (95 aa)\\
-D structure: Unknown
-===== Biological function =====
-=== How discovered? ===
-XopAQ was discovered by sequencing the genome of the //X. gardneri// (Xg) strain 101 (Potnis //et al//., 2011).
-=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
-A functional screen to isolate //Ralstonia solanacearum// genes encoding proteins translocated into plant cells reveal that the gene Rip6 and Rip11 were two new translocated proteins. XopAQ is 60% identical at the protein level to these two proteins. BlastP alignment between XopAQ and Rip6 indicates that the homology is spanned along the whole protein, including the N-terminal part, suggesting that the functional motif that drives translocation in Rip6 is conserved in XopAQ. Translocation assays using a strain deleted in the hpaB gene of //Ralstonia// indicates that Rip6 and Rip11 requires HpaB for their effective translocation into plant cells via the Hrp T3SS (Mukaihara //et al//., 2010). However, no functional translocation assay has been performed for //Xanthomonas// XopAQ effector to our knowledge.
-=== Regulation ===
-XopAQ is up-regulated when //X.citri// pv. //citri// 306 and //X.citri// pv. //citri// Aw12879 (restricted to Mexican lime) are grown in XVM2 medium, known to induce hrp gene expression, as compared with nutrient broth (NB). However, no differential expression was observed in this gene among these two strains (Jalan //et al//., 2013). The //X. arboricola// gene shows a putative plant-inducible promoter box (PIP-BOX) sequence, 67 bp upstream of the TATA box (Garita-Cambronero, 2016b).
-=== Phenotypes ===
-Unknown.
-=== Localization ===
-CSS-Palm suite reveals potential myristoylation/palmitoylation motifs for XopAQ, suggesting that the protein could be targeted to the cytoplasmic membrane (Barak //et al//., 2016). This targeting is facilitated by a simple sequence motif at the N terminus of the polypeptide chain.
-=== Enzymatic function ===
-Unknown. No known motifs are found in the Rip6 and Rip11 proteins of //Ralstonia// (Mukaihara //et al//., 2010). No motifs are found in the //X. gardneri// protein neither (Prosite analysis).
-=== Interaction partners ===
-Unknown.
-===== Conservation =====
-=== In xanthomonads ===
-Yes. Widely present in the most agressive citrus canker-causing //X.citri// A strains but also in the AW strain (narrow host range) (Escalon //et al//., 2013; Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2019), and also in the milder //X. fuscans// B strain, but not in the //X. fuscans// C strain (restricted to //C. aurantifoli//; Dalio //et al//., 2017). Present in //Xanthomonas gardneri// but not in some strains of //X. perforans// nor //X. euvesicatoria// strains affecting pepper and tomato (Potnis //et al//., 2011; Schwartz //et al//., 2015; Vancheva //et al//., 2015; Jibrin //et al//., 2018). Two paralogs of XopAQ present in strains 66b and LMG 918 of //X. euvesicatoria//, but not present in other LMG strains, 83b, 85-10, or //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //rosa// (Barak //et al//., 2016). Present in pathogenic (but not in non-pathogenic//) X. arboricola// pv. //pruni// (Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2016a, 2019), but not in the related //X. juglandis// or //X. corylina// (Garita-Cambronero //et al//., 2018). Also present in //X. citri// pv. //viticola// (Schwartz //et al//., 2015) and other //X. citri// pathovars (blastp analysis). //X. phaseolis// //and X. populi//, among others, present a protein with moderate homology in a blastp analysis.
-=== In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
-Yes (//Ralstonia//).

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