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- | ====== XopX ====== | ||
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- | Author: [[https:// | ||
- | Internal reviewer: Coline Sciallano\\ | ||
- | Expert reviewer: Ramesh V. Sonti | ||
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- | Class: XopX\\ | ||
- | Family: XopX\\ | ||
- | Prototype: XopX (// | ||
- | RefSeq ID: [[https:// | ||
- | 3D structure: Unknown | ||
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- | ===== Biological function ===== | ||
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- | === How discovered? === | ||
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- | XopX was discovered through the screening of a genomic cosmid library of //X. euvesicatoria// | ||
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- | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
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- | Translational fusions of XopX with the calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase domain of // | ||
- | === Regulation === | ||
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- | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//), including //xopX//, were significantly reduced in the // | ||
- | === Phenotypes === | ||
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- | * XopX was demonstrated to be cytotoxic when expressed in yeast, suggesting it may target a conserved eukaryotic cell process required for cell viability (Salomon //et al//., 2011). | ||
- | * During infection of rice <font 10.5pt/ | ||
- | * XopX is required for the development of //X. euvesicatoria// | ||
- | * <font 10.5pt/ | ||
- | * When expressed in Pseudomonas fluorescens //55 (Pf //55), a non‐pathogenic bacterium capable of eliciting PTI (callose deposit) in Arabidopsis //Col‐0 plants, XopX is not able to reduce callose deposit, suggesting in these conditions, the effector is not able to suppress PTI. Using the same heterologuous system, XopX is not able to suppress the HR triggered by Pf //55 HopA1 on tobacco, suggesting that is these conditions, XopX do not act as an ETI suppressor. (Medina et al//., 2018). | ||
- | * When transiently expressed in N. benthamina// | ||
- | * A ∆xopX// mutant strain of Xanthomonas phaseoli// | ||
- | * Agrobacterium// | ||
- | * A screen for Xanthomonas//< | ||
- | * <font 10.5pt/ | ||
- | * <font 10.5pt/ | ||
- | * <font 10.5pt/ | ||
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- | === Localization === | ||
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- | === Enzymatic function === | ||
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- | Unknown. | ||
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- | === Interaction partners === | ||
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- | It has been suggested that XopX-triggering of plant cell death response was dependent of another cofactor delivered by the T3SS, yet still unknown (Metz //et al//., 2005). | ||
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- | <font 10.5pt/ | ||
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- | <font 10.5pt/ | ||
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- | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
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- | === In xanthomonads === | ||
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- | Yes, // | ||
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- | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
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- | Related proteins (query cover > 80% and percent identity > 50 %) can be detected in several unclassified // | ||
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- | ===== References ===== | ||
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- | Deb S, Ghosh P, Patel HK, Sonti RV (2020). Interaction of the // | ||
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- | Li S, Wang Y, Wang S, Fang A, Wang J, Liu L, Zhang K, Mao Y, Sun W (2015). The type III effector AvrBs2 in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola suppresses rice immunity and promotes disease development. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 28: 869-880. DOI: [[https:// | ||
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- | Lindeberg M, Cunnac S, Collmer A (2012). // | ||
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- | Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). // | ||
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- | Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from // | ||
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- | Metz M, Dahlbeck D, Morales CQ, Sady BA, Clark ET, Staskawicz BJ (2005). The conserved // | ||
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- | Mutka AM, Fentress SJ, Sher JW, Berry JC, Pretz C, Nusinow DA, Bart R (2016). Quantitative, | ||
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- | Salomon D, Dar D, Sreeramulu S, Sessa G (2011). Expression of // | ||
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- | Sinha D, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Ranjan A, Sonti RV (2013). Cell wall degrading enzyme induced rice innate immune responses are suppressed by the type 3 secretion system effectors XopN, XopQ, XopX and XopZ of // | ||
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- | <font 10.5pt/ | ||
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- | Stork W, Kim JG, Mudgett MB (2015). Functional analysis of plant defense suppression and activation by the // | ||