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bacteria:t3e:xopn [2020/07/09 11:00] rkoebnik [References] |
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- | ====== XopN ====== | ||
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- | Author: [[https:// | ||
- | Internal reviewer: [[https:// | ||
- | Expert reviewer: FIXME | ||
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- | Class: XopN\\ | ||
- | Family: XopN\\ | ||
- | Prototype: XopN (// | ||
- | RefSeq ID: [[https:// | ||
- | 3D structure: unknown - similar to phosphatase 2a (pr65/A) (Roden //et al//., 2004). | ||
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- | ===== Biological function ===== | ||
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- | === How discovered? === | ||
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- | XopN was identified in a genetic screen, using a Tn// | ||
- | === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === | ||
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- | Type III-dependent secretion was confirmed using a calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase reporter assay, with a Δ//hrpF// mutant strain serving as negative control (Roden //et al.//, 2004). | ||
- | === Regulation === | ||
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- | Start codon of //xopN// was found downstream if a conserved cis-regulatory element, the plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box (TTCGG-N15-TTCTG). //xopN// is regulated by //hrpX// and //hrpG// genes (Cheong //et al//., 2013; Jiang //et al//., 2008). | ||
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- | qRT-PCR revealed that transcript levels of 15 out of 18 tested non-TAL effector genes (as well as the regulatory genes //hrpG// and //hrpX//) were significantly reduced in the // | ||
- | === Phenotypes === | ||
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- | * XopN< | ||
- | * Its homolog XopN < | ||
- | * XopN has been shown to play a role in host defence systems causing the reduction of PAMP-triggered immune responses and reduce the callose deposition in the host tissue. Moreover the deletion of // | ||
- | * A Δ// | ||
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- | === Localization === | ||
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- | XopN was localized by confocal microscopy using fluorescent tagged fusion (yellow fluorescent protein [YFP]-XopN). [YFP]-XopN was localized throughout the plant cytoplasm and also associated with the plant plasma membrane (PM) (Kim //et al//., 2009). | ||
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- | === Enzymatic function === | ||
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- | Unknown – Kim //et al//. (2009) did not confirm that XopN is an enzyme (Kim //et al//., 2009). | ||
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- | === Interaction partners === | ||
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- | XopN interact with two types of proteins in tomato: Tomato Atypical Receptor-like Kinase1 (TARK1) and four Tomato Fourteen-Three-Three isoforms (TFT1, TFT3, TFT5, and TFT6) (Kim //et al//., 2009). | ||
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- | ===== Conservation ===== | ||
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- | === In xanthomonads === | ||
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- | Yes (//e.g.//, //X//. // | ||
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- | === In other plant pathogens/ | ||
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- | Yes (//e.g.//, // | ||
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- | ===== References ===== | ||
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- | Cheong H, Kim CY, Jeon JS, Lee BM, Sun Moon J, Hwang I (2013). // | ||
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- | Jiang B, He Y, Cen W, Wei H, Jiang G, Jiang W, Hang X, Feng J, Lu G, Tang D, Tang J (2008). The type III secretion effector XopXccN of // | ||
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- | Kim JG, Li X, Roden JA, Taylor KW, Aakre CD, Su B, Landone S, Kirik A, Chen Y, Baranage G, Martin BG, Mudgett BM, McLane H (2009). // | ||
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- | Liu Y, Long J, Shen D, Song C (2016). // | ||
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- | Long J, Song C, Yan F, Zhou J, Zhou H, Yang B (2018). Non-TAL effectors from // | ||
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- | Medina CA, Reyes PA, Trujillo CA, Gonzalez JL, Bejarano DA, Montenegro NA, Jacobs JM, Joe A, Restrepo S, Alfano JR, Bernal A (2018). The role of type III effectors from // | ||
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- | Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during // | ||
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- | Sinha D, Gupta MK, Patel HK, Ranjan A, Sonti RV (2013). Cell wall degrading enzyme induced rice innate immune responses are suppressed by the type 3 secretion system effectors XopN, XopQ, XopX and XopZ of // | ||
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- | Taylor KW, Kim JG, Su XB, Aakre CD, Roden JA, Adams CM, Mudgett MB (2012). Tomato TFT1 is required for PAMP-triggered immunity and mutations that prevent T3S effector XopN from binding to TFT1 attenuate // | ||